MYOPIA, HYPEROPIA,
ASTIGMATISM & PRESBYOPIA
Refractive errors such as myopia (short-sightedness), hyperopia (long-sightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia (‘lao hua’) are caused by the eye’s failure to focus light rays on the retina, resulting in a blurred or indistinct image.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE 4 REFRACTIVE ERRORS?
Myopia
Also referred to as short-sightedness, myopia affects the ability to view distant objects clearly while near ones are in focus. Myopia is very common amongst Asians and Singaporeans.
Hyperopia
Also known as long-sightedness, hyperopia affects the ability to view near objects clearly while distant ones are in focus. Although the symptoms are the same as in presbyopia, hyperopia can affect individuals of all ages while presbyopia typically affects those above the age of 40.
Astigmatism
Astigmatism occurs when the curvature of one area of the cornea differs from that of another. As a result, light rays are concentrated at different places in the eye, causing blurring and distortion of the image.
Presbyopia
This is a syndrome in which the eye loses its capacity to accommodate and focus on objects that are close to it. This is a natural component of the ageing process and usually begins around the age of 40.
CORRECTING REFRACTIVE ERRORS
Wearing spectacles and contact lenses are the most common methods for correcting refractive errors. On the other hand, if you do not wish to wear glasses or contacts, you may consider undergoing refractive surgery like LASIK surgery or Implantable Contact Lens surgery.
